Sulfur removal from bauxite water slurry (BWS) electrolysis intensified by ultrasonic

Effects of ultrasonic on desulfurization ratio from bauxite water slurry (BWS) electrolysis in NaOH solution were examined under constant current. The results indicated that ultrasonic improved the desulfurization ratio at high temperatures because of the diffusion and transfer of oxygen gas in electrolyte. However, due to the increase in oxygen gas emission, ultrasonic could not improve the desulfurization ratio obviously at low temperatures. Additionally, the particle size of bauxite became fine in the presence of ultrasonic, indicating that the mass transfer of FeS₂ phase was improved. According to the polarization curves, the current density increased in the presence of ultrasonic, indicating that the mass transfer of liquid phase was improved. The apparent activation energy (AAE) of electrode reaction revealed that ultrasonic did not change the pathway of water electrolysis. However, ultrasonic changed the pathway of BWS electrolysis, converting indirect oxidation into direct oxidation. The AAE of BWS electrolysis in the presence of ultrasonic was higher than that in the absence of ultrasonic. And the low AAEs (less than 20 kJ/mol) clearly indicated the diffusion control during BWS electrolysis reaction.     

Modelling and transient planar dynamics of suspended cables with moving mass

In this study, the 3D nonlinear equations of motion of the suspended cable with moving mass are obtained via the Hamilton principle, and its transient linear planar dynamics is investigated. Considering the quasi-static assumption, the condensed planar model accounting for the effect of the moving mass is derived, and it is then discretized by choosing the static deflection and sine series as shape functions. It is shown that this expansion shows good convergence features. The Newmark method is used to investigate the transient response. The effects of the inertia force, mass, sag and velocity of the moving mass on the transient dynamics of the suspended cable are systematically investigated. Finally, the horizontal tension of the suspended cable and the case of sequentially moving masses are examined.     

Quantitative approach for the prediction of preferential sorption in the case of pervaporation of a physico-chemically similar binary mixture

Selective transport by pervaporation of physico-chemically similar and polar components through a polar membrane is complicated due to competitive sorption and diffusion phenomena. In the present study the mechanism of preferential sorption has been predicted for such a system, methanol-ethylene glycol-cellophane. The mechanism has been explained in terms of intercrystalline swelling of the polymer matrix in presence of increasing methanol concentration in the feed. The reduction in preferential sorption at increasing wt% of methanol in the feed may be due to the increasing accessibility of the membrane towards ethylene glycol. This phenomenon has been quantitatively explained by considering a non-linear dependence on concentration of the binary liquid-polymer interaction parameter. Theoretical sorption data have been derived from the Flory-Huggins thermodynamics by using the swelling equilibrium condition. The coupling and plasticization phenomena in sorption are explained in terms of liquid-polymer interaction parameters. The theoretical results show good agreement with previously published experimental data.     

流场物理特性在脉动风压系数估算中的应用

利用数值模拟技术计算脉动风压需要进行非定常瞬态模拟,计算量过大. 为了提高计算效率,文章根据准定常理论,用预测点高度的入口风速代替参考点高度风速,修正了Paterson、黄本才等人提出的脉动风压估算公式. 通过由CFD 模拟得到的独立柱支撑平板结构的平均风压系数、参考点风速、湍流动能等参数估算了其脉动风压系数,发现大多数工况下与风洞试验结果相吻合. 研究表明,可以利用定常模拟计算结果中获得的参数估算出脉动风压系数.     

Quantile motion and tunneling

The concepts of quantile position, trajectory, and velocity are defined. For a tunneling quantum mechanical wave packet, it is proved that its quantile position always stays behind that of a free wave packet with the same initial parameters. In quantum mechanics the quantile trajectories are mathematically identical to Bohm's trajectories. A generalization to three dimensions is given.     

Construction of high-efficient visible photoelectrocatalytic system for carbamazepine degradation: Kinetics,degradation pathway and mechanism

This study aimed to construct a photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) reaction system based on the self-made reduced TiO₂ NTAs (r-TNAs) photoanode and activated carbon/Polytetrafluoroethylene (AC/PTFE) cathode. It would be observed clearly that the degradation rate constant of carbamazepine (CBZ) over r-TNAs_(photoanode)-AC/PTFE_(cathode) PEC system (0.04961 min⁻¹) was even higher than that of r-TNAs_(photoanode)-Pt_(cathode) PEC system (0.04602 min⁻¹) with the assistance of visible light irradiation and +0.4 V external potential. Besides, in order to obtain optimized conditions, the influence of key parameters such as pH value, electric current density and electrolyte concentration were studied. Most importantly, photoelectrochemical (PECH) properties, reactive oxide species contribution, OH formation rate and CBZ degradation pathway were determined. The results illustrated that the excellent PEC degradation performance depended on the excellent photocatalytic property of r-TNAs photoanode and electron transfer property of photoelectrodes in r-TNAs_(photoanode)-AC/PTFE_(cathode) PEC system. Therefore, the study demonstrated that the r-TNAs_(photoanode)-AC/PTFE_(cathode) PEC system could be expected to replace metal-catalyzed cathodes depending on its excellent PEC performance activity and low cost as well as the reaction system possessed objective and practical application prospect.